Onsen

Japan is known as a hot spring paradise, with numerous hot spring resorts spread across the country. Hot springs have been deeply embedded in Japanese culture and daily life for centuries, used for health, relaxation, and socializing.

History of Hot Spring Culture

The history of hot springs in Japan dates back to ancient times, with evidence of hot spring usage going as far back as the 3rd century BCE. Early on, the Japanese believed in the therapeutic powers of hot springs, using them for healing and spiritual rituals. During the Heian period (794–1185), hot springs were frequented by aristocrats and monks, and by the Edo period (1603–1868), they became popular among the general public, evolving into tourism spots. Visiting hot springs became an integral part of travel, and this tradition has continued to the present day.

Characteristics of Japanese Hot Springs

1. Types of Hot Springs Japan’s hot springs are diverse, with different mineral compositions and therapeutic effects. Some of the most common types include:
   • Sulfur Springs: These hot springs have a distinct sulfur smell and are known for treating skin conditions and joint pain.
   • Carbonated Springs: Rich in carbon dioxide, these springs are said to improve circulation and relieve fatigue.
   • Chloride Springs: Containing high levels of salt, these hot springs are known for their ability to retain heat, making them effective for coldness and muscle pain.
   • Simple Springs: These are clear, odorless, and mild, promoting relaxation with minimal irritation.
2. Therapeutic Benefits Hot springs in Japan are believed to have a variety of health benefits, such as improving blood circulation, relieving stress, and promoting fatigue recovery. They are also known to treat skin diseases, joint pain, and conditions like cold extremities. In Japan, “onsen therapy” is even recognized as a legitimate form of medical treatment, where people use hot springs for healing purposes.
3. Outdoor Baths and Indoor Baths Japan is famous for both indoor baths (called “uchiyu”) and outdoor baths (called “rotenburo”), each offering a unique experience. The outdoor baths allow visitors to relax in nature, enjoying scenic views in all seasons. Indoor baths, on the other hand, provide a more private and intimate setting, allowing guests to enjoy a peaceful soak.

Hokkaido

Tohoku Region

Kanto Region

Chubu Region

Kansai Region

Shikoku

Kyushu Region